• Multipass Gif
• Multipass.com
• Multipass Id

MicroK8s is spectacularly easy to install and use on Ubuntu or any Linux which
supports snaps. For other platforms or less common scenarios, see the relevant
notes below.

Windows 10

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Note: We recommend Windows 10 Professional or Windows 10 Enterprise. MicroK8s will also require at least 4GB of available RAM and 40GB of storage.

1. Download the MicroK8s Installer
   Download the latest installer here

2. Run the installer
   The installer checks if Hyper-V is available and switched on. If you don’t have Hyper-v (e.g. on Windows 10 Home edition) it is possible to use VirtualBox as an alternative.

3. Configure MicroK8s
   You can now configure MicroK8s - the minimum recommendations are already provided.
   For information on changing the ‘Snap Track’, see this page.
   You can change this configuration at a later date by re-running the installer. Note that the Memory and Disk limits are initially set at the minimum values. If you are planning on running large workloads (e.g. kubeflow will require around 12GB RAM) you will want to set these higher.

4. Open a command line
   

5. Check the status while Kubernetes starts
   microk8s status --wait-ready

6. Turn on the services you want
   MicroK8s includes a series of add-ons and services which can be enabled at any time. For example:
   microk8s enable dashboard dns registry istio
   Try running microk8s enable --help for a list of built-in services.
   Turn off services with the microk8s disable command.

7. Start using Kubernetes!
   MicroK8s wraps the kubectl command familiar to Kubernetes users, so you can simply perform any usual Kubernetes operation. Try:
   microk8s kubectl get all --all-namespaces

8. Access the Kubernetes dashboard
   microk8s dashboard-proxy

9. Start and stop Kubernetes
   Kubernetes is a collection of system services that talk to each other all the time. If you don’t need them running in the background then you will save battery and resources by stopping them. microk8s start and microk8s stop will do the work for you.

What next?

• Want to experiment with alpha releases of Kubernetes? See the documentation on setting channels.
• Need to tweak the Kubernetes configuration? Find out how to configure the Kubernetes services.
• Having problems? Check out our troubleshooting section.
• Love MicroK8s? Want to contribute or suggest a feature? Give us your feedback.

macOS

Note: Installing MicroK8s with Multipass requires macOS Yosemite, version 10.10.3 or later installed on hardware from 2010 onwards. It will also require at least 4GB of available RAM and 40GB of storage.

Note: Some users, who have upgraded to Big Sur, have experienced issues with Homebrew and Python when installing MicroK8s. To fix this, run brew reinstall python.

The installer for MicroK8s uses HomeBrew. If you don’t have the brew command you can install it from the Homebrew website.

1. Download the MicroK8s installer
   brew install ubuntu/microk8s/microk8s

2. Run the installer
   microk8s install

3. Check the status while Kubernetes starts
   microk8s status --wait-ready

4. Turn on the services you want
   microk8s enable dashboard dns registry istio
   Try microk8s enable --help for a list of available services built in. The microk8s disable command turns off a service.

5. Start using Kubernetes!
   microk8s kubectl get all --all-namespaces

6. Access the Kubernetes dashboard
   microk8s dashboard-proxy

7. Start and stop Kubernetes
   Kubernetes is a collection of system services that talk to each other all the time. If you don’t need them running in the background then you will save battery/resources by stopping them. the microk8s start and microk8s stop commands will do the work for you.

Multipass

With multipass installed, you can now create a VM to run MicroK8s. At least 4
Gigabytes of RAM and 40G of storage is recommended – we can pass these
requirements when we launch the VM:

We can now find the IP address which has been allocated. Running:

… will return something like:

Take a note of this IP as services will become available there when accessed
from the host machine.

To work within the VM environment more easily, you can run a shell:

Then install the MicroK8s snap and configure the network:

From within the VM shell, you can now follow along the rest of the
quick start instructions

Useful multipass commands

• Get a shell inside the VM:

• Shutdown the VM:

• Delete and cleanup the VM:

Raspberry Pi/ARM

Running MicroK8s on some ARM hardware may run into difficulties because cgroups
(required!) are not enabled by default. This can be remedied on the Rasberry Pi
by editing the boot parameters:

Note: In some Raspberry Pi Linux distributions the boot parameters are in `/boot/firmware/nobtcmd.txt`.

And adding the following:

Systems using ZFS

There is currently an issue surrounding using MicroK8s on a ZFS filesystem due
to the way containerd is configured. If you have installed MicroK8s on ZFS
you can fix this:

1. Stop microk8s:

2. Remove old state of containerd:

3. Configure containerd to use ZFS:
   Edit the file /var/snap/microk8s/current/args/containerd-template.toml
   replacing snapshotter = 'overlayfs' with snapshotter = 'zfs'

4. Create new zfs dataset for containerd to use:

5. Restart microk8s:

Offline deployments

There are situations where it is necessary or desirable to run MicroK8s on a
machine not connected to the internet. This is possible, but there are a few
extra things to be aware of.

Downloading a snap

If the machine you are intending to install MicroK8s to has no connectivity at
all, it is possible to download the snap from a machine which does have
access to the internet.

this will retrieve two files to the local directory:

• microk8s_xxx.snap: The snap package with a versioned suffix.
• microk8s_xxx.assert: The assertion file (effectively a signature validating the package).

If you are installing on a non-Ubuntu OS, you will also need to download the core snap, in a similar way:

this will retrieve an additional two files to the local directory:

• core_xxx.snap: The snap package with a versioned suffix.
• core_xxx.assert: The assertion file (effectively a signature validating the package).

Transfer the files to the target, offline machine.

In the case of non-Ubuntu OSes, install the core snap first:

(substitute the actual names of the files you downloaded)

For all OSes, MicroK8s can then be installed with the following commands:

Note that in an offline environment, the snap will not be able to contact the store for
any updates.

Simulating a network

In some environments, as well as being offline, there is no network capability
at all (e.g. no NIC hardware). In such cases the Kubernetes apiserver will not
be able to work. This can be solved by simulating hardware (e.g. in a VM) or
adding a virtual address.

For an example, see this answer on askubuntu.

Setting up proxies

While the above method works fine for MicroK8s itself, in a true offline environment additional difficulties will be encountered when enabling various add-ons. The content of the add-ons themselves are fetched when they are first enabled. E.g. the istio add-on fetches a tarball from github, the kubeflow addon fetches resources from the Juju charm store. To enable MicroK8s to work offline with add-ons, the services required by the individual add-ons will need to be proxied locally. Setting up individual proxies is beyond the scope of this documentation. For Ubuntu systems, you may find the Server documentation useful.

Other architectures

Currently MicroK8s is actively tested and developed on amd64 and arm64. If you run into difficulties running on other architectures (e.g. PPC/S390), please follow the procedure to
file a bug

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Note

Effective November 2020:

• Common Data Service has been renamed to Microsoft Dataverse. For more information, see Power Automate Blog.
• Some terminology in Microsoft Dataverse has been updated. For example, entity is now table and field is now column. For more information, see Terminology updates.

This topic will be updated soon to reflect the latest terminology.

This topic provides an overview of all components in the Microsoft Dynamics 365 Commerce ecosystem, including integration points to the suite of Dynamics 365 products.

The following illustration shows an overview of Dynamics 365 Commerce components.

Architecture benefits

Omni-enabled headless commerce engine

Multipass Gif

The Commerce Scale Unit hosts the headless commerce engine. It serves as the central integration point for all commerce business logic, and powers a complete omni-channel solution across physical and digital stores. The Commerce Scale Unit is built by using a portable architecture, and allows for flexible hosting options across cloud, edge, and hybrid topologies.

The headless commerce engine powers all native Dynamics 365 Commerce channels, including in-store and e-commerce channels. It also serves as the single integration point for third-party channel solutions. Therefore, those solutions can take advantage of the power of Dynamics 365 Commerce business logic and integration with other commerce-related services that are provided by Microsoft and independent software vendors (ISVs).

Interconnected business processes

The platform that is shared among the various Dynamics 365 business applications, such as Dynamics 365 Commerce, Dynamics 365 Supply Chain Management, and Dynamics 365 Finance, provides a set of interconnected business processes that users can immediately benefit from. All back-office capabilities across these applications are built on the same web experience and data stores. Therefore, there is a seamless flow of business processes across various functions in the organization, but custom integrations across applications and services aren't required. The out-of-box integration between the headless commerce engine and the back office further expands the coverage of these interconnected business processes across the back office and commerce channels.

Unified data

Dynamics 365 Commerce provides a unified data solution through out-of-box integrations with Dataverse and Azure Data Lake Storage. Integrations and data sharing across Dynamics 365 business applications such as Dynamics 365 Sales and Dynamics 365 Marketing are supported through Dataverse. Transactional data in Data Lake Storage is used to power various analytics and insight scenarios in the Dynamics 365 Commerce solution. However, it can also be used by any third-party software integration.

Powered by AI and analytics

Because of the accessible, persistent, up-to-date, and unified organizational data that is available in Data Lake Storage, the whole organization has a 'single source of truth' that analytics, artificial intelligence (AI), and machine learning (ML) can be applied on top of. In this way, the organization can derive insights and get key performance indicators (KPIs) that can be used optimize and automate business processes across all channels.

Component overview

User experiences

Dynamics 365

Dynamics 365 is a collection of applications that together provide comprehensive and flexible enterprise resource planning (ERP) solutions for medium to large businesses. It provides an extensible framework and ecosystem that can be tailored to customer-specific requirements via an extensive set of partners. Dynamics 365 applications provide capabilities for their target business segments. They also take advantage of each other, and other Microsoft services and offerings, to provide solutions that help run customers' complex businesses.

POS

POS simplifies the experience for the retailers by providing Omnichannel solutions in emerging channels. These channels perform a variety of commerce business operations like cash and carry transactions, cash/shift management, customer engagement, assisted selling, clienteling, endless aisle, order processing/fulfillment, inventory management, and reporting.

Modern POS

Modern POS is a cross-platform (Windows, iOS, and Android), multi–form factor (desktop, tablet, and phone) solution for all in-store first-line workers, such as cashiers, sales associates, stock clerks, and store managers. It can be deployed as an app that has offline capabilities. Alternatively, it can be deployed in the cloud and accessed through a web browser. The application is role-based and fully configurable from headquarters. It's also highly customizable, and can be extended or integrated into third-party services by using the Retail software development kit (SDK).

In addition to standard 'cash and carry' transaction processing, Modern POS includes features for assisted selling, clienteling, endless aisle, order processing/fulfillment, inventory management, cash/shift management, and reporting. For more information, see Modern POS (MPOS) architecture and Choose between Modern POS (MPOS) and Cloud POS.

E-commerce storefront

The e-commerce storefront is the customer-facing website rendering system. It's built on the React.js framework, and uses a combination of server-side and client-side rendering to deliver responsive web experiences for one or more online channels. Although the storefront has a rich set of out-of-box capabilities, it's also highly customizable, and delivers an efficient and scalable solution for online business. For more information, see Online store overview.

Site builder

Site builder is the web-based authoring interface for the content management and storefront website rendering systems. Visual page builder in site builder is a what-you-see-is-what-you-get (WYSIWYG) editor for site managers and content authors who perform the day-to-day workflow tasks of managing and producing the marketing content for the e-commerce experience. In site builder, a marketer can provide more marketing detail for specific products to enhance the shopping experience for consumers. In addition, site builder includes integrated accessibility reporting, URL management, site map generation, and image focal point management, among other features. For more information, see Online store overview.

External services and apps

The headless commerce engine that is exposed via the Commerce Scale Unit lets partners and customers take advantage of all the same channel-side capabilities and business logic that are used by the out-of-box e-commerce and point of sale (POS) components. Therefore, by tapping into the same data and business process capabilities, it allows for seamless omni-channel capabilities across out-of-box channel components and partner-provided/customer-developed services and applications. It also provides access to all out-of-box and ISV-developed surround services that are available through the Commerce Scale Unit.

Back office

Dynamics 365 Commerce headquarters

The Dynamics 365 Commerce application, which is often referred to as the Commerce headquarters component, provides back-office capabilities that enable the configuration of products, employees, business processes, and other functionality that is required for the business. It's also the application that call center workers use to provide assisted commerce-related workflows.

Dynamics 365 Supply Chain Management

Dynamics 365 Supply Chain Management provides functionality to help you manage your products throughout the supply chain lifecycle, from production, to inventory and warehouse, to transportation and distribution. For more information, see Help resources for Supply Chain Management.

Dynamics 365 Finance

Dynamics 365 Finance provides functionality to automatically manage your global finances. For customers of the Dynamics 365 Commerce application, Dynamics 365 Finance offers an integrated experience for managing stores and e-commerce financial statements alongside the rest of their operations. For more information, see Dynamics 365 Finance help resources.

Dynamics 365 Human Resources

Dynamics 365 Human Resources lets businesses get a comprehensive view of their employee resources and manage them in a unified way. It provides integrated experiences from the hiring process through workforce planning and employee time management. For more information, see Dynamics 365 Human Resources help resources.

Commerce Scale Unit

Retailers are distributed organizations, where the business topography can be represented as a hub and spoke model. Dynamics 365 Commerce supports this model by having head-office capabilities (the hub), and also many distributed channel components (the spokes) that can be deployed and self-managed in-store or in nearby Microsoft-managed Azure datacenters. The spokes are referred to as Scale Units, because they represent physical isolation (a function of scale) and an atomic unit of update.

To facilitate cloud and edge computing scenarios, a Commerce Scale Unit is available both as a software as a service (SaaS) component that is managed by Microsoft (Commerce Scale Unit in the Cloud) and as a self-managed component that can be deployed locally (self-hosted). A single environment can have a mixture of Commerce Scale Units (cloud and self-hosted). Therefore, organizations can tune their investments in operational overhead on a store-by-store basis by implementing network redundancy for poor connectivity. For more information, see Select an in-store topology.

Commerce Scale Units (cloud)

Multiple Commerce Scale Units can be associated with each environment. Each Commerce Scale Unit can be independently serviced and updated, and each can serve one or more channels across one or more legal entities. Each Commerce Scale Unit can be deployed to any of the supported Azure regions, and multiple Commerce Scale Units can be deployed to the same region. The independent nature of each Commerce Scale Unit allows for phased rollout of updates across a collection of channels.

Commerce Scale Units (self-hosted)

The ability to bring the Commerce Scale Units to edge computing helps accommodate scenarios where internet connectivity is poor or unreliable. For retailers, this approach typically means having a physical footprint in their stores. By using a Commerce Scale Unit (self-hosted), retailers can bring the same business logic and capabilities that run in the Azure cloud into their stores. In these cases, although in-store connectivity is presumably more reliable, self-management of these components will involve additional overhead in terms of monitoring and updates. For more information, see Select an in-store topology.

E-commerce platform

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Content management system

A fully featured content management system (CMS) is integrated directly into the e-commerce platform. In addition to rich indexing features, the CMS provides lifecycle management for marketing materials that supplement the product information that is managed by the headless commerce engine. It includes features for localization and multi-item publishing through releases. The system is built on top of a scalable, resilient Azure infrastructure that includes Azure Active Directory (Azure AD) and Azure Cosmos DB.

Digital asset management

Commerce digital asset management extends the content management store, and keeps track of images, videos, and file downloads that are served by the web storefront site. Its image resizer service optimizes downloaded images for different devices and contexts. In this way, it helps enhance performance while it also manages image quality. Digital asset management is also integrated with Azure Media Services for efficient playback of video streams.

Web storefront

The CMS stores its pages as a series of modules. The storefront web server assembles those modules into a rendered HTML page. The web storefront is composed of the rendering platform, the commerce data proxy, and the extensibility layer. Those components form a base that is supplemented by a set of modules that power a web-based commerce experience, the Dynamics 365 Commerce module library. The initial module library can be modified to meet each business's unique requirements. Alternatively, it can be supplemented by extensions and modules that are developed by a partner.

Commerce surround services

Dynamics 365 Fraud Protection

Dynamics 365 Fraud Protection is integrated into the e-commerce checkout flows that are managed and processed through the Commerce Scale Unit. The connection to the service is automatically provisioned with the Commerce Scale Unit, and customers who sign up for Dynamics 365 Fraud Protection can enable and configure the integration in Commerce headquarters. The service can run either in 'evaluate' mode, so that you can assess the effectiveness of the service, or in 'protect' mode, so that you can catch fraudulent transactions by using configured business rules. For more information, see Dynamics 365 Fraud Protection integration with Dynamics 365 Commerce.

Dynamics 365 Customer Insights

Dynamics 365 Customer Insights helps you gain a deeper understanding of your customers by connecting data from various transactional, behavioral, and observational sources to create a 360-degree customer view and generate insights. Dynamics 365 Commerce makes it easy for retailers to enable the integration with Dynamics 365 Customer Insights and show the generated insights at the POS. These insights include churn probability and next best action, and they are valuable because they help sales associates have effective conversations with customers and deliver personalized shopping experiences to them. For more information, see Dynamics 365 Customer Insights integration with Dynamics 365 Commerce.

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Bing for Commerce

Microsoft Bing for Commerce is integrated into Dynamics 365 Commerce to provide consistent product discovery and search experiences across all commerce channels that use the Commerce Scale Unit. In Commerce headquarters, retailers can configure boosting and sinking business rules for product discovery and search experiences. (For example, these rules can be used to boost product discovery for discounted products or remove items that are out of stock.) In this way, retailers can turn shopper frustration and site abandonment into active carts and converted sales. By taking advantage of an out-of-box capability that this integration provides, retailers can let customers use images to search for and discover similar products from a catalog without having to describe them.

Product recommendations

Dynamics 365 Commerce can be used to show product recommendations on the e-commerce website and POS devices. These product recommendations are items that a customer might be interested in, and they are based on the purchase trends of other customers in online and brick-and-mortar stores.

Product recommendations let customers easily and quickly find products that they might want to purchase, and cross-selling and upselling can be used to help customers find additional products that they didn't originally intend to buy. When recommendations are used to assist with product discovery, they can help create more conversion opportunities, increase sales revenue, and enhance customer satisfaction and retention. For more information, see Product recommendations overview.

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Commerce analytics

Dynamics 365 Commerce's prepackaged, business-managed commerce analytics solution provides retailers with intelligent insights across all points of the Commerce ecosystem by embedding Power BI reports in Commerce headquarters and POS systems. The commerce analytics solution provides a comprehensive set of out-of-box business and transactional reports, dashboards, and KPIs that take advantage of insights across all channels.

The solution standardizes data from various sources (such as transactional, behavioral, observational, or external data sources) into a unified data model that is hosted in Azure Data Lake Storage. Therefore, organizations can obtain a truly complete view of their business performance across channels. For example, they can analyze the performance of discount promotions, monitor web visits and activity, compare in-store visits and purchases with online purchases, track loyalty redemptions, or do customer recency, frequency, monetary (RFM) analysis.

Ratings and reviews

The Commerce ratings and reviews solution lets online retail customers enter product reviews and ratings through the e-commerce storefront. Retailers can then show averaged ratings and review information across their e-commerce websites. Azure Cognitive Services offers automatic moderation of profane words in 40 languages, and because human approval isn't required, moderation costs are reduced. The system also offers moderator tools that can be used to respond to customer concerns, feedback, and take-down requests, and to address data requests from users. For more information, see Rating and reviews overview.

Unified data components

Azure Data Lake Storage

Customers who bring their own Azure Data Lake Storage accounts can take advantage of structured business data from back-office operations and clickstream data from the e-commerce storefront. This data flows back into intelligence services such as product recommendations, customer insights, and commerce analytics to power customer-centric business processes and user experiences. Those business processes and user experiences can then be embedded back into Dynamics 365 Commerce headquarters, the POS, and e-commerce storefronts. For more information, see Make Entity store available as Data Lake.

Dataverse

Dataverse is the unified data store that integrates the data from all your business applications. Dynamics 365 applications such as Dynamics 365 Sales, Dynamics 365 Customer Service, and Dynamics 365 Commerce use Dataverse to store business data. Therefore, Dataverse enables cross-business application scenarios, and can power new scenarios through Power Apps and Power Automate. For more information, see What is Microsoft Dataverse?.

Additional resources

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